Diabetes | What is Diabetes? | Diabetes symptoms | Type 2 diabetes | Type 1 diabetes | Gestational diabetes | insulin resistance
Diabetes | What is Diabetes? | Diabetes symptoms | Type 2 diabetes | Type 1 diabetes | Gestational diabetes | insulin resistance
What is diabetes
Diabetes is an established illness that transpires when the pancreas can no longer make insulin or when the body cannot make fine use of the insulin it produces.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, that works like a key to let glucose from the foodstuffs we eat pass from the bloodstream into the cells in the body to produce energy. All carbohydrate foods are broken down into glucose in the blood. Insulin helps glucose get into the cells.
Not being able to produce insulin or use it effectively leads to raised glucose levels in the blood (known as hyperglycemia). Over the long-term high glucose levels are associated with damage to the body and failure of various organs and tissues.
Types of Diabetes
There are three main types of diabetes – type 1, type 2, and gestational.
- Type 1 diabetes can develop at any age, but occurs most frequently in children and adolescents. When you have type 1 diabetes, your body produces very little or no insulin, which means that you need daily insulin injections to maintain blood glucose levels under control.
- Type 2 diabetes is more common in adults and accounts for around 90% of all diabetes cases. When you have type 2 diabetes, your body does not make good use of the insulin that it produces. The cornerstone of type 2 diabetes treatment is a healthy lifestyle, including increased physical activity and a healthy diet. However, over time most people with type 2 diabetes will require oral drugs and/or insulin to keep their blood glucose levels under control.
- Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a type of diabetes that consists of high blood glucose during pregnancy and is associated with complications for both mother and child. GDM usually disappears after pregnancy but women affected and their children are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Symptoms of diabetes
Diabetes symptoms are caused by rising blood sugar.
General symptoms
The general symptoms of diabetes include:
- severe fatigue
- sores that don’t heal
- weight losing
- boosted hunger
- boosted thirst
- frequent urination
- blurry vision
Diabetes | What is Diabetes? | Diabetes symptoms | Type 2 diabetes | Type 1 diabetes | Gestational diabetes | insulin resistance
Symptoms in men
In addition to the general symptoms of diabetes, men with diabetes may have a decreased s.x drive, erectile dysfunction (ED), and poor muscle strength.
Symptoms in women
Women with diabetes can also have symptoms such as urinary tract infections, yeast infections, and dry, itchy skin.
Type 1 diabetes
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes can include:
- increased thirst
- unintentional weight loss
- frequent urination
- severe hunger
- blurry vision
- tiredness
It may also result in mood changes.
Type 2 diabetes
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes can include:
- increased hunger
- increased thirst
- increased urination
- blurry vision
- tiredness
- sores that are slow to heal
It may also cause recurring infections. This is because elevated glucose levels make it harder for the body to heal.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is diabetes diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy (gestation). Like different kinds of diabetes, gestational diabetes influences how your cells use sugar (glucose). Gestational diabetes causes high glucose that can influence your pregnancy and your child's wellbeing.
While any pregnancy difficulty is unsettling, there's uplifting news. During pregnancy you can assist with controlling gestational diabetes by eating quality food varieties, working out, and, if essential, taking prescriptions. Controlling glucose can keep you and your child sound and forestall a troublesome conveyance.
If you have gestational diabetes during pregnancy, by and large, your glucose gets back to its typical level not long after conveyance. However, on the off chance that you've had gestational diabetes, you have a higher gamble of getting type 2 diabetes. You'll be tried for changes in glucose more regularly
Diabetes | What is Diabetes? | Diabetes symptoms | Type 2 diabetes | Type 1 diabetes | Gestational diabetes | insulin resistance
Symptoms
Most of the time, gestational diabetes doesn't cause noticeable signs or symptoms. Increased thirst and more frequent urination are possible symptoms.
Insulin Resistance
Insulin resistance is when cells in your muscles, fat, and liver don’t respond well to insulin and can’t easily take up glucose from your blood. As a result, your pancreas makes more insulin to help glucose enter your cells. As long as your pancreas can make enough insulin to overcome your cells’ weak response to insulin, your blood glucose levels will stay in the healthy range.
Diabetes | What is Diabetes? | Diabetes symptoms | Type 2 diabetes | Type 1 diabetes | Gestational diabetes | insulin resistance
What causes insulin resistance and prediabetes?
Researchers don’t fully understand what causes insulin resistance and prediabetes, but they think excess weight and lack of physical activity are major factors.
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Excess weight
Experts believe obesity, particularly an excess of fat in the mid-region and around the organs, called instinctive fat, is the primary driver of insulin obstruction. A midsection estimation of 40 inches or something else for men and 35 inches or something else for ladies is connected to insulin opposition. This is valid regardless of whether your weight record (BMI) falls within the ordinary reach. Notwithstanding, research has shown that Asian Americans might have an expanded gamble for insulin obstruction even without a high BMI.
Analysts used to imagine that fat tissue was exclusively for energy capacity. Notwithstanding, studies have shown that midsection fat creates chemicals and different substances that can add to constant, or dependable, irritation in the body. Irritation might assume a part in insulin obstruction, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular illness.
An overabundance of weight might prompt insulin obstruction, which thusly may have an impact on the improvement of greasy liver sickness.
Physical inactivity
Not getting enough physical activity is linked to insulin resistance and prediabetes. Regular physical activity causes changes in your body that make it better able to keep your blood glucose levels in balance.
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Diabetes and diet
Healthy eating is a central part of managing diabetes. In some cases, changing your diet may be enough to control the disease.
Diabetes | What is Diabetes? | Diabetes symptoms | Type 2 diabetes | Type 1 diabetes | Gestational diabetes | insulin resistance
Type 1 diabetes
Your blood sugar level rises or falls based on the types of foods you eat. Starchy or sugary foods make blood sugar levels rise rapidly. Protein and fat cause more gradual increases.
Your medical team may recommend that you limit the number of carbohydrates you eat each day. You’ll also need to balance your carb intake with your insulin doses.
Work with a dietitian who can help you design a diabetes meal plan. Getting the right balance of protein, fat, and carbs can help you control your blood sugar. Check out this guide to starting a type 1 diabetes diet.
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Type 2 diabetes
Eating the right types of foods can both control your blood sugar and help you lose any excess weight.
Carb counting is an important part of eating for type 2 diabetes. A dietitian can help you figure out how many grams of carbohydrates to eat at each meal.
To keep your blood sugar levels steady, try to eat small meals throughout the day. Emphasize healthy foods such as:
- vegetables
- whole grains
- fruits
- lean protein such as poultry and fish
- healthy fats such as olive oil and nuts
Certain other foods can undermine efforts to keep your blood sugar in control.
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